Hour Puzzles
Monday, 22 April 2024
Tuesday, 3 January 2023
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
Sunday, 11 December 2022
Saturday, 10 September 2022
Saturday, 27 August 2022
Sunday, 17 January 2021
SCHOLAR: RACIAL BRAZIL
Brazil
is comprised of 212.6 million people as of 2020. According to The Gaurdian, “50.7% of Brazilians now define
themselves as black or mixed race compared with 47.7% whites.” Brazil has a race issue. Racial prejudice in Brazil is very real and
explicit. Regardless of how white middle
class believe in equality with the Brazilian ‘negros,’ there are many
stereotypes which paint these Afrodescendants in a negative light such as, “sexual
promiscuity and aversion to thrift, work, and trustworthieness” (Powel 2012
page 486). Movements lead by these
descendants were successful in bringing to light the state of
Afrodesdendants. Such movements include
The Unified Black Movement against Racial Discrimination. Through social movements, the issue of racial
discrimination has been brough to the attention of the state which has acted to
rectify the problem.
Brazil has in recent history enacted racial
quotas via affirmative action initiatives.
This foreign policy measure aims to promote diversity. It gives equity to those that are Afrodescendants. At the World Conference on Racism in South Africa
in September 2001, “Brazil recommended quotas to expand the access of [these]
Afrodescended students to public universities” (Powel 2012 page 486).” This would effectively give these people a
social lever by which they can play a more active role in society. State governments in Rio de Janeiro and Bahia
then announced then that they would reserve 40% of places in their state
universities for Afrodescendants. These
Afrodescendants are the poorest, least educated and most severely disadvantaged
in Brazilian society. The fact, that
Brazil recognized this and made policy to address the issue paints a positive
image of their country on the world stage.
In 2009, Brazil’s president, “signed a new bill establishing a race-
based affirmative action program for civil servant positions country wide”
(Oxford Human Rights Hub). The bill
reserves 20 percent of said positions for Brazilian ‘negros.’ Brazils ability to recognize and support the
racial diversity within their state could serve as a method for them to take on
a bigger role in international commitments.
Although these racial equality measures have been implemented, the
economic gap between whites and blacks persist.
What is successful about these types of foreign policy is that the state
of Brazil is preparing itself for a globalized world. By adequately putting in place measures which
clearly need time to bear positive results, Brazil is safeguarding the interest
of the racial diversity of their nation.
Through this, they could have a wider role within the liberal West which
values equality, democracy, justice and rule of law.
WORK CITED
Powel, Bingham,
“Comparative Politics Today,” Pearson (2012).
Conceicao Isis, “Brazil’s laws on quotas and the road to racial equality,” Oxford Human Rights Hub (2014). Retrieved from: http://ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/brazils-laws-on-quotas-and-the-road-to-racial-equality/
Srivastava, Pragya, “India’s economic growth story remarkable since 1990s, never mind quarterly fluctuations: World Bank,” Financial Express (2018). Retrieved from: https://www.financialexpress.com/economy/indias-economic-growth-story-remarkable-since-1990s-never-mind-quarterly-fluctuations-world-bank/1098628/
The Gaurdian, “Brazil census
shows African- Brazilians in the majority for the first time,” The GAurdian (2021). Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/nov/17/brazil-census-african-brazilians-majority